Mugihe cyingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, amagambo ahinnye abiri arimo kwitabwaho kwisi yose - BESS (Battery Energy Storage Systems) na ESS (Sisitemu yo Kubika Ingufu). Byombi ni tekinoroji yingenzi ivugurura uburyo tubyara, kubika, no gukoresha ingufu. Mugihe isi igenda igana kubisubizo byingufu zirambye, ubwo buryo buragenda burushaho gukundwa cyane cyane mukarere gafite ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu. Ariko mubyukuri BESS na ESS ni iki, kandi ni ukubera iki babona iterambere ryihuse?

BESS na ESS ni iki?

Muri rusange, byombi BESS na ESS bakorera i intego imwe y'ibanze: kubika ingufu zo gukoresha ejo hazaza. Itandukaniro ryibanze riri murwego rwabo:

• BESS (Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za Batiri): Ubu ni ubwoko bwihariye bwo kubika ingufu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya batiri, ubusanzwe lithium-ion, kugirango ibike amashanyarazi. Ibice bya BESS biroroshye guhinduka, birapimwa, kandi birakwiriye muburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba, kuva aho gutura kugeza imishinga minini yinganda.
• ESS (Sisitemu yo Kubika Ingufu): ESS ni ijambo ryagutse ryerekeza kuri sisitemu iyo ari yo yose yagenewe kubika ingufu. Mugihe BESS ari bumwe muburyo bwa ESS, ubundi bwoko burimo kubika imashini (nka pompe hydro cyangwa flawheels) hamwe nububiko bwumuriro (nkumunyu ushongeshejwe). ESS ikubiyemo uburyo bwuzuye bwa tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu zifasha kuringaniza itangwa nibisabwa.

Kuki BESS na ESS ari ngombwa?

Imiterere y’ingufu ku isi irimo guhinduka cyane mu gihe ibihugu bifata amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kubaho nkizuba n umuyaga. Nubwo ayo masoko yingufu afite isuku kandi ari menshi, nayo arigihe kimwe - imirasire yizuba ntabwo itanga ingufu nijoro, kandi turbine yumuyaga ikora mugihe umuyaga uhuha. Aha niho hazamo ububiko bw'ingufu.

• Grid ituje. Ibi bitanga ingufu zizewe kandi birinda umwijima cyangwa umwijima.
• Kugwiza ibintu bishya: Hatabayeho kubika ingufu, ingufu zisagutse zishobora gutakaza igihe kirenze icyifuzo cyahise. BESS na ESS bafata ibi bisagutse, bareba neza ko ingufu zisukuye ziboneka mugihe bikenewe cyane.
• Kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya: Mu kubika ingufu zishobora kubaho, BESS na ESS bigabanya gukenera ingufu ziva mu bimera bishingiye ku bicanwa biva mu bimera, bifasha kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no gutwara intego zirambye.
• Ubwigenge bw'ingufu: Ku turere twishingikiriza ku bicanwa biva mu mahanga, kubika ingufu bitanga inzira yo kwigenga kw’ingufu nyinshi, kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku masoko yo hanze no kugabanya ibiciro by’ingufu.

Kuki BESS na ESS Bamenyekana Mubice bimwe?

Uturere twinshi kwisi twakiriye ikoranabuhanga rya BESS na ESS mugihe bakurikirana intego zikomeye z’ingufu zishobora kubaho kandi bagashaka kunoza imiyoboro. Dore impamvu sisitemu ziba ngombwa mumasoko amwe n'amwe:

1. Uburayi busubirwamo ingufu. Kugirango uhuze ayo masoko yingufu zigihe gito muri gride, Uburayi bwahinduye tekinoroji ya BESS na ESS. Ububiko bwa bateri bufasha gucunga ihindagurika mubyara amashanyarazi, kugenzura imiyoboro ihamye no kugabanya gushingira ku bicanwa biva mu kirere.
2. Amajyaruguru ya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru: Muri Amerika no muri Kanada, kubika ingufu biragenda byiyongera mu gihe ibikorwa rusange n’ubucuruzi bishakisha uburyo bwo guhuza ingufu zikenewe no kongera ingufu za gride. Californiya, cyane cyane yahindutse ikibanza cyo guhanga ingufu mu kubika ingufu bitewe n’uko yiyemeje ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.
3. Guhindura ingufu za Aziya: Ibihugu nk'Ubushinwa, Ubuyapani, na Koreya y'Epfo birashora imari cyane mu kubika ingufu kugira ngo bishyigikire intego z’ingufu zishobora kubaho. Ubushinwa, uruganda runini rukomoka ku mirasire y'izuba n'umuyaga ku isi, rugenda rwagura vuba ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu kugira ngo ruhagarike ingufu z'amashanyarazi kandi rusohoze intego zarwo zitagira aho zibogamiye za karubone mu 2060.
4. Australiya ikeneye kwihangana: Intera nini ya Ositaraliya no kwishingikiriza ku mbaraga zishobora kuvugururwa, cyane cyane izuba, byatumye kubika ingufu ari ingenzi mu ngamba z’ingufu zayo. Uturere twa kure cyane mu gihugu dukunze guhura n’ibibazo by’umutekano wa gride, kandi ibisubizo BESS byagaragaye ko bifite akamaro mu gukomeza gutanga amashanyarazi yizewe.

Kazoza ka BESS na ESS

Mugihe uturere twinshi kwisi kwihutisha gukoresha ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, icyifuzo cyo kubika ingufu zizewe kizakomeza kwiyongera. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu rizagira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ibirenge bya karubone, kuzamura umutekano w’ingufu, no gutuma isi ihinduka ku mbaraga zisukuye.

Muri Wenergy, twiyemeje guteza imbere no gutanga ibisubizo bigezweho BESS na ESS bifasha ubucuruzi, ibikorwa rusange, na guverinoma kugana iyi nzibacyuho. Sisitemu yacu yihariye, nini yo kubika ingufu zagenewe guhuza ibyifuzo byihariye byamasoko atandukanye, byemeza neza kandi birambye.

Umwanzuro

BESS na ESS ntibikiri ikoranabuhanga ryiza-ni intangiriro y'ejo hazaza h'ingufu. Mugihe isi igenda igana ahazaza heza, harambye, izi sisitemu zizakomeza kugira uruhare runini muguhuza itangwa ryingufu nibisabwa, guhindura imikoreshereze y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, ndetse no guteza imbere isi yose.

Mugufatanya na Wenergy, uba ushora mubisubizo byo kubika ingufu bidatanga inyungu zihuse gusa ahubwo binatanga umusanzu urambye kandi urambye mubihe bizaza.