Ngexesha lamandla avuselelekayo, ama-acronyms amabini afumana ingqalelo yehlabathi-i-BESS (iiNkqubo zokuGcinwa kwamandla ebhetri) kunye ne-ESS (iiNkqubo zokuGcina amandla). Zombini zibalulekile itekhnoloji ehlengahlengisa indlela esenza ngayo, sigcina, kwaye sisebenzisa amandla. Njengoko ihlabathi litshintshela kwizisombululo zamandla azinzileyo, ezi nkqubo ziya zithandwa kakhulu, ngakumbi kwimimandla enokungena kwamandla ahlaziyekayo. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye i-BESS kunye ne-ESS, kwaye kutheni bebona ukukhula okukhawulezayo?

Yintoni i-BESS kunye ne-ESS?

Embindini wabo, zombini i-BESS kunye ne-ESS bakhonza injongo enye esisiseko: ukugcina amandla ukuze asetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo. Umahluko ophambili ulele kububanzi bawo:

• I-BESS (Inkqubo yokuGcina amandla ebhetri): Olu luhlobo oluthile logcino lwamandla oluxhomekeke kwiteknoloji yebhetri, ngokuqhelekileyo i-lithium-ion, ukugcina umbane. Iiyunithi ze-BESS ziguquguquka kakhulu, zinomngcipheko, kwaye zifanelekile kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusuka kwiindawo zokuhlala ukuya kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu zoshishino.
• I-ESS (iNkqubo yoGcino lwaMandla): I-ESS ligama elibanzi elibhekiselele kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo eyenzelwe ukugcina amandla. Ngelixa i-BESS yindlela enye ye-ESS, ezinye iintlobo ziquka ukugcinwa komatshini (njenge-pumped hydro okanye i-flywheels) kunye nokugcinwa kwe-thermal (njengetyuwa etyhidiweyo). I-ESS igubungela itekhnoloji epheleleyo yogcino lwamandla olunceda ukulungelelanisa ukubonelela kunye nemfuno.

Kutheni i-BESS kunye ne-ESS zibalulekile?

Imbonakalo yamandla ehlabathi iphantsi kotshintsho olusisiseko njengoko amazwe esamkela imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo njengelanga nomoya. Nangona le mithombo yamandla icocekile kwaye ininzi, iphinda iphinde i-intermittent-i-solar panels azivelisi amandla ebusuku, kwaye ii-injini zomoya zisebenza kuphela xa umoya uvuthuza. Kulapho ukugcinwa kwamandla kungena khona.

• Uzinzo lwegridi: I-BESS kunye ne-ESS zibonelela nge-buffer yegridi yombane ngokugcina amandla angaphezulu avelisiweyo ngexesha leemfuno eziphantsi kunye nokukhulula xa imfuno iphezulu okanye xa imithombo ehlaziyiweyo ingavelisi amandla. Oku kuqinisekisa unikezelo lwamandla oluthembekileyo ngakumbi kwaye lunqanda ukucima ubumnyama okanye ukucima.
• Ukwandisa izinto eziHlaziywayo: Ngaphandle kogcino lwamandla, amandla avuselelekayo angaphezulu angachithwa xa engaphezulu kwemfuneko ekhawulezileyo. I-BESS kunye ne-ESS zibamba le ntsalela, ziqinisekisa ukuba amandla acocekileyo ayafumaneka xa efuneka kakhulu.
• Ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweCarbon: Ngokugcina amandla avuselelekayo, i-BESS kunye ne-ESS inciphisa imfuno yamandla okulondoloza kwizityalo ezisekelwe kwi-fuel-based, ukunceda ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokuqhuba iinjongo zokuzinza.
• Ukuzimela kwamandla: Kwimimandla ethembele kumafutha e-fossil angaphandle, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunika indlela yokuzimela kwamandla amakhulu, ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwimithombo yangaphandle kunye nokuzinzisa iindleko zamandla.

Kutheni le nto i-BESS kunye ne-ESS zifumana ukuduma kwiMimandla ethile?

Imimandla emininzi kwihlabathi liphela yamkele itekhnoloji ye-BESS kunye ne-ESS njengoko ilandela iinjongo zamandla ahlaziyekayo kwaye ifuna ukuphucula ukomelela kwegridi. Nasi isizathu sokuba ezi nkqubo zisiba yimfuneko kwiimarike ezithile eziphambili:

1. I-Europe's Renewable Energy Push: IYurophu kudala inkokheli kwinguqu yamandla avuselelekayo, kunye namazwe afana neJamani, i-UK, kunye neSpain ityalomali kakhulu kumandla omoya kunye nelanga. Ukudibanisa le mithombo yamandla ephakathi kwigridi, iYurophu iguqukele kwi-BESS kunye ne-ESS teknoloji. Ukugcinwa kwebhetri kunceda ukulawula ukuguquguquka kokuveliswa kwamandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwegridi kunye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha efosili.
2. Imfuno ekhulayo yaseMntla Melika: E-United States naseKhanada, ukugcinwa kwamandla kuya kukhula ngokukhawuleza njengoko izixhobo kunye namashishini ekhangela iindlela zokulinganisela imfuno yamandla kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kwegridi. I-California, ngokukodwa, iye yaba yindawo eshushu yokuvuselela amandla okugcina amandla ngenxa yokuzinikela kumandla avuselelekayo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
3. Uguqulo lwaMandla eAsia: Amazwe afana neTshayina, iJapan, kunye noMzantsi Korea atyala imali eninzi kugcino lwamandla ukuxhasa iithagethi zabo zamandla avuselelekayo. I-China, umvelisi omkhulu welanga kunye nomoya wamandla omoya, ikhulisa ngokukhawuleza amandla ayo okugcina amandla ukuze izinzise igridi yayo yamandla kwaye ihlangabezane neenjongo zayo zokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngo-2060.
4. Imfuno yaseOstreliya yokuZimela: Umgama omkhulu wase-Australia kunye nokuthembela kumandla avuselelekayo, ngokukodwa ilanga, lenze ukugcinwa kwamandla kube yinto ebalulekileyo yeqhinga layo lamandla. Imimandla ekude yelizwe ihlala ijongene nemiba yozinzo lwegridi, kwaye izisombululo ze-BESS zibonakalise ukuba zisebenza kakuhle ekugcineni unikezelo lwamandla oluthembekileyo.

Ikamva le-BESS kunye ne-ESS

Njengoko imimandla emininzi kwihlabathi liphela ikhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kwayo kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, imfuno yokugcina amandla ethembekileyo iya kuqhubeka nokukhula. Itekhnoloji yokugcina amandla iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni unyawo lwekhabhoni, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwamandla, kunye nokwenza ukuba utshintsho lwehlabathi lube kumandla acocekileyo.

E-Wenergy, sizibophelele ekuphuhliseni nasekuziseni izisombululo ze-BESS kunye ne-ESS ezinceda amashishini, izinto eziluncedo, kunye noorhulumente ukuba bahambe kule nguqu yamandla. Iinkqubo zethu zokugcinwa kwamandla okwenziwa ngokwezifiso, ezinokucutshungulwa ziyilelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeemarike ezahlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kwexesha elide.

Ukuqukumbela

I-BESS kunye ne-ESS ayisekho iteknoloji ye-niche-iyinxalenye yekamva lamandla. Njengoko ihlabathi lisingise kwikamva eliluhlaza, elizinzileyo, ezi nkqubo ziya kuqhubeka zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulinganiseni unikezelo lwamandla kunye nemfuno, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, kunye nokuqhubela phambili ukutyhalwa kwehlabathi kwe-decarbonization.

Ngokubambisana ne-Wenergy, utyala imali kwizisombululo zokugcina amandla ezingaboneleli nje ngezibonelelo zangoku kodwa zikwanegalelo kwikamva elizinzileyo nelinokuqina kwizizukulwana ezizayo.